Verisk Analytics Inc (VRSK) — Q1 2025 Earnings Call Transcript

Thank you operator and good day everyone. We appreciate you joining us today for a discussion of our first quarter 2025 financial results. On the call today are Lee Shavel, Verisk's President and Chief Executive Officer; and Elizabeth Mann, Chief Financial Officer. The earnings release referenced on this call as well as our traditional quarterly earnings presentation and the associated 10-Q can be found in the Investors section of our website, verisk.com. The earnings release has also been attached to an 8-K that we have furnished to the SEC. A replay of this call will be available for 30 days on our website and by dial-in. As set forth in more detail in today's earnings release, I will remind everyone today's call may include forward-looking statements about Verisk's future performance, including those related to our financial guidance. Actual performance could differ materially from what is suggested by our comments today. Information about the factors that could affect future performance is contained in our recent SEC filings. A reconciliation of reported and historic non-GAAP financial measures discussed on this call is provided in our 8-K and today's earnings presentation posted on the Investors section of our website, verisk.com. However, we are not able to provide a reconciliation of projected adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin to the most directly comparable expected GAAP result because of the unreasonable effort and high unpredictability of estimating certain items that are excluded from projected non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin, including, for example, tax consequences, acquisition-related costs, gains and losses from dispositions and other nonrecurring expenses, the effect of which may be significant. And now, I'd like to turn the call over to Lee Shavel.

Thanks, Stacey. Good morning everyone and let me welcome you to today's call. I'm very pleased to share that 2025 is off to a positive start at Verisk, as we delivered solid first quarter results, underscored by double-digit subscription growth, strong overall topline growth, healthy margin expansion and profit growth. Organic constant currency revenue growth of 7.9% was driven by 10.6% subscription growth which was broad-based across most of our business units. Our focus on cost discipline delivered 130 basis points of margin expansion, resulting in OCC adjusted EBITDA growth of 9.5%. Elizabeth will provide the details in our financial review but these results are a demonstration of our emphasis on delivering consistent and predictable growth and our results-oriented culture. One of the hallmarks of Verisk's business model is that we have delivered consistent levels of growth across varying macroeconomic and insurance-specific operating environments. The current industry backdrop in which we are operating has strengthened as premium increases are better matched to levels of risk, thus driving improved trends. In fact, according to data collected by Verisk and the American Property Casualty Insurance Association, the insurance industry returned to profitability in 2024, recording an underwriting gain of $25 billion marking the first gain recorded in 4 years. That said, the industry still faces an uncertain risk environment ahead as challenges, including inflation, regulatory changes, rising reconstruction costs, social inflation and the potential impact of tariffs and severe weather events are making it more complex to operate. Speaking of severe weather, last year marked the second worst year for catastrophic losses since 1950 with the vast majority of damages stemming from hurricane and severe convective storms, including the back-to-back hurricanes of Helene and Milton and that trend has continued in 2025 as the year started with the devastating wildfires in Los Angeles which have had a profound impact on individuals, businesses, communities and our insurance industry clients and which Verisk estimated would result in $28 billion to $35 billion in insurance losses for the industry. At Verisk, we are focused on supporting our clients with the most advanced data, analytics and insights to help them better understand risk and navigate through these dynamic times. The changes to our go-to-market strategy that we implemented in 2024 have enabled us to get ever closer to our clients, delivering better service, improved customer satisfaction and strong sales results for Verisk. We are now taking the learnings from 2024 and applying this improved sales model to a broader group of our business units in 2025, including our new growth vectors. Through our strategic and elevated dialogue with clients, we continue to hear 3 key resounding areas of need. Specifically, our clients are asking for, one, greater and more timely insights; two, connection across our data sets and capabilities; and three, a more efficient and effective ecosystem. Let me spend a few minutes on each and detail how we are leaning in on investment toward invention to create new solutions on behalf of the industry. First is the demand for greater insights. Data and insights that help our clients understand risk across their portfolio is the foundation of the work we do. And through our Core Lines Reimagine project, we are converting data into insights with greater speed and frequency, helping our clients navigate these dynamic market pressures. In particular, the Actuarial Hub within our Core Lines platform provides insights into loss cost trends 12 months earlier than usual to help clients address the evolving pricing needs of the market. Additionally, our Executive Insights reports leverage our statistical data across the 6 largest lines of insurance to help with benchmark analysis and to evaluate individual client performance measures. We are also delivering more granular insights throughout our underwriting data and analytic solutions, as we are incorporating a broader range of data sources, including aerial-derived analytics, permit data, property records, real estate and claims data to enhance our property databases and offer a more comprehensive risk profile of buildings and building condition. And finally, our reconstruction cost data is updated monthly to provide granular material and labor cost information and analysis to help our clients estimate costs and align insurance to value. Our comprehensive database includes over 23,000 line item activities, assembled from over 14,000 material, equipment and labor components. Our team of researchers and analysts survey and report pricing for these line items and components at market level for over 470 geographies in North America. In periods of rapid economic change, we often complete bimonthly updates to our research to ensure we are providing the most up-to-date market information. In today's volatile economic environment, our clients depend on precision to maintain appropriate coverage levels and competitive pricing in the market and they turn to Verisk as the trusted partner for our commitment to data accuracy and timeliness. We recently published our quarterly reconstruction cost analysis which provides reconstruction cost trends at the national and state levels. The analysis is derived from building cost research using our property estimating solution. In an effort to support our clients with detailed data to navigate the changing operating environments, this quarter's report includes detailed coverage of cost changes, inclusive of recent severe weather and macroeconomic events. The second area of need for our clients that I referenced is better connections across our datasets and capabilities and we have many active projects here. One such example is our Enterprise Exposure Manager, a cloud-native solution that combines the unique capabilities from our Specialty Business Solutions and Extreme Events businesses. Enterprise Exposure Manager is a scalable solution that enables users to evaluate enterprise-wide risk across billions of locations with performance and stability, providing an improved understanding of global exposures and insights into portfolio-wide risk accumulations to enable better-informed business decisions. This solution can utilize and analyze clients' data across insurance and reinsurance to create real-time insights, including identifying the risk of multiple claims from a single event as well as trend in comparative analytics. This new solution is also creating opportunities for us to address the needs of Chief Risk Officers across our clients, a newer constituent for our services. Another example of our work to connect our data and capabilities is in our Extreme Events business. We are reimagining the core catastrophe modeling software platform into a fully cloud-native, scalable workflow solution, which we are calling Verisk Synergy Studio, launching in 2026. We recently engaged in more than 100 live one-on-one client demonstrations of Verisk Synergy Studio at our Verisk Insurance Conference last month and client interest and reception was very strong. Upon release, Verisk Synergy Studio will provide a flexible, fast and stable platform on which our full global suite of catastrophe models will be deployed at a lower cost of ownership, allowing for a better understanding of the near-present climate risk impacting the global insurance market. Importantly, Verisk Synergy Studio can also serve as a platform to connect the functionality of Verisk products and data sets and serve as an ecosystem hub for all Verisk's clients. We are excited about this rollout and are in active dialogue with clients ahead of the launch. The third demand we are addressing is the need for an efficient and effective ecosystem that benefits all parties, namely insurers, reinsurers, brokers, regulators and ultimately policyholders. The insurance industry is strengthened through the many ecosystem players being linked together and our ability to drive connectivity enables us to support many constituencies through data relationships and partners. Specifically, we are continuing to grow our ecosystem by continually adding new partners to our various platforms across underwriting and claims, including property estimating solutions and anti-fraud. This is driving increased revenues for Verisk, more choice for clients and more connectivity and interoperability within the industry. We are also creating new platforms to connect different parts of the ecosystem, such as Regulatory Data Exchange launched in April to regulators. This platform streamlines data sharing between regulators and carriers across multiple jurisdictions. RDX enables regulators to review data elements that have been requested in prior data calls, both in their own and other jurisdictions in order to make regulatory data calls more consistent, efficient and less costly to insurers. And finally, just last month, we closed on the strategic acquisition of Simplitium from NASDAQ, a SaaS platform that will be part of our Extreme Events business. Simplitium supports an open ecosystem, where specialized model partners make models, hazard data and analytics available to the industry to help assess the global insurance protection gap. This acquisition will provide our clients with access to over 300 third-party models, providing unique niche views of risk across the globe, supporting the entire risk transfer ecosystem. Now let me turn the call over to Elizabeth to review our detailed financial results for the first quarter.

Thanks, Lee and good day to everyone on the call. On a consolidated and GAAP basis, first quarter revenue was $753 million, up 7% versus the prior year, reflecting solid growth across both underwriting and claims. Net income was $232 million, up 6% versus the prior year, while diluted GAAP earnings per share, or EPS, were $1.65, up 9% versus the prior year. The increase in diluted GAAP EPS was driven by strong operating performance and a lower average share count. Moving to our organic constant currency results, adjusted for non-operating items, as defined in the non-GAAP financial measures section of our press release, our operating results demonstrated continued broad-based growth across both underwriting and claims. In the first quarter, OCC revenues grew 7.9% with growth of 7.2% in underwriting and 9.6% in claims. This strong revenue growth represents a solid start to the year and reinforces our ability to deliver consistent levels of growth across varying macroeconomic and insurance-specific operating environments. Our subscription revenues which comprised 83% of our total revenue in the quarter, grew 10.6% on an OCC basis during the first quarter. We experienced solid growth across most of our largest subscription-based solutions with strong price realization in our renewals, expanded relationships with existing clients and solid sales of new solutions. We also continue to see a benefit from the conversions to committed subscriptions from previously transactional contracts. Within forms, rules and loss costs, we continue to see improved value capture through pricing, as we digitize our content, expand our insights and release more client-facing innovations as part of Reimagine. This quarter, we expanded Executive Insights and the ISO Experience Index to another major line of insurance, commercial auto and brought several new innovations to market, including reimagined ratings for homeowners and personal auto. We also introduced a generative AI tool within our Mozart Form management platform to help clients efficiently compare changes in our proprietary forms and migrated additional circular content to our new client platform. In anti-fraud, we experienced underlying strength in the business augmented by strong sales of new solutions like claims scoring as well as the continued benefit from the conversion to subscription of previously transactional clients. And within Extreme Event solutions, we delivered another quarter of high single-digit subscription growth, driven by strong multiyear renewals with existing clients as well as the addition of new logos to Verisk. In our marketing business, we have experienced a recovery and growth from our insurance clients but continue to experience headwinds in other client segments that are more economically sensitive. Our transactional revenues which comprised 17% of total revenues, declined 4% on an OCC basis during the first quarter. We have had continued success converting transactional revenues to committed subscriptions, including the 1 discrete contract that we have previously mentioned which has reduced our transactional revenue growth. In addition, we continue to experience soft results in our personal auto business as well as lower levels of service revenue in certain of our software-related businesses. This decline was partially offset by better-than-expected transactional growth within Extreme Event Solutions related to securitization. Moving now to our adjusted EBITDA results. OCC adjusted EBITDA growth was 9.5% in the quarter, while total adjusted EBITDA margin which includes both organic and inorganic results, was 55.3%, up 130 basis points from the reported results in the prior year. This level of margin expansion reflects the positive impact of sales leverage, the timing of certain expenses and our ongoing cost discipline, including the benefits from our global talent optimization efforts. This level of expansion also embeds the self-funded investments back into our business for invention and future growth. On a trailing 12-month basis, adjusted EBITDA margins were 55%, up 110 basis points over last year's levels. Moving down the income statement. Net interest expense was $36 million in the quarter compared to $29 million in the same period last year, resulting from higher debt balances and higher interest rates. During the first quarter, we issued $700 million of senior notes at 5.25% due 2035. And subsequently in April, retired $500 million of 4% notes that were due in June 2025. While we still expect our full-year interest expense to be in line with the previously guided range, the net effect of these transactions is that our ongoing quarterly run rate for the remainder of the year will be higher than in the first quarter. That said, we are comfortable with our current leverage which stands at 2x the EBITDA and is at the low end of our targeted range of 2x to 3x EBITDA. Our reported effective tax rate was 21.6% compared to 20.3% in the prior year quarter. This year-over-year increase was primarily related to a one-time tax benefit in the prior year period. We continue to believe our tax rate will be in the range of 23% to 25% for the year. So there could be some quarterly variability related to employee stock option exercise activity. Adjusted net income increased 4.5% to $245 million and diluted adjusted EPS increased 6.1% to $1.73 for the quarter. The increase is primarily driven by solid revenue growth, strong margin expansion and a lower average share count. This was partially offset by higher depreciation expense, higher interest expense and a higher tax rate. From a cash flow perspective, on a reported basis, net cash from operating activities increased 20% to $445 million, while free cash flow increased 23% to $391 million. This was driven by an increase in operating profit and the timing of certain tax funds received in the quarter. As of March 31, we had $1.1 billion in cash on our balance sheet. However, on April 21, we retired $500 million of our 4% notes due June 2025, reducing our cash balance. We are committed to returning capital to shareholders. During the first quarter, we paid a cash dividend of $0.45 per share, a 15% increase from the prior year. We also initiated a $200 million accelerated share repurchase program which was completed in April. We continue to have $1.4 billion in capacity remaining under our share repurchase authorization. We are pleased with our strong results for the first quarter and reiterate our outlook for 2025, or specifically, we expect consolidated revenue for 2025 to be in the range of $3.03 billion to $3.08 billion. We expect adjusted EBITDA to be in the range of $1.67 billion to $1.72 billion and adjusted EBITDA margins in the range of 55% to 55.8%. We expect our tax rate to be in the range of 23% to 25% and adjusted earnings per share in the range of $6.80 to $7.10. A complete listing of all guidance measures can be found in the earnings slide deck which has been posted to the Investors section of our website, verisk.com. And now, I will turn the call back over to Lee for some closing comments.

Thanks, Elizabeth. We are pleased that 2025 is off to a solid start. Our execution priorities are unchanged, as we remain focused on delivering consistent and predictable growth while allocating capital back towards investment for future growth. Our heightened strategic engagement with clients has strengthened relationships and fostered new product and business opportunities for the industry, where we can invest at scale to drive value for clients, employees and shareholders. Our durable subscription-based economic model and strong cash flow enable us to continue to invest in our business while also returning capital to shareholders. We continue to appreciate the support and interest in Verisk. Given the large number of analysts we have covering us, we ask that you limit yourself to one question. With that, I'll ask the operator to open the line for questions.

I was hoping you could give us your latest observations and thoughts on the Marketing Solutions, particularly, you called out the non-insurance business seemed like that was a bit of a drag this quarter on the transactional side. I was really wondering is this core to your business or are there synergies that you have with your insurance marketing solutions and that's why you have it or just wondering if it makes sense to continue to be in that business. And just any color on the outlook for the marketing business overall in '25, especially if we were to see a bit of a macro slowdown.

Yes. Thanks for the question, Toni. Yes, the marketing business that we entered a couple of years ago does present us an opportunity to access some of the spend that takes place at our insurance carrier clients. And that part of the business has continued to grow. As you know, we entered those businesses from acquisition. And so those remain exposed to a couple of other customer segments, particularly within financial services and mortgages. And those have been going through some headwinds over the last couple of years. And then as we look ahead with potential pressures on discretionary spend, that could be a challenge for the balance of the year.

You called out strong pricing realization in forms, rules, loss cost. I was just wondering what's contributing to trends you're seeing there. Obviously, we know 20% to 25% of your revenues come from contracts that have a direct input based on premium growth from 2 years ago. I was wondering if that was the main driver of that strong pricing realization. And just how much did pricing contribute to overall growth in Q1?

Yes. Thanks, Kelsey. Of course, our main focus in that business is delivering the value to clients. And as you've heard us talk about the developments in Core Lines Reimagine, I think they're getting to be more and more tangible that they can see and feel and experience that's contributing to that sense of value. That is supported by the strong premium environment. And so for those contracts with a premium input, the full-year '23 premium strength was very strong at over 10%, around 11%. So both of those things are factors.

And I might add, Kelsey, that this is one example. We have also seen this in other product areas. And I think we've talked previously about the strength of the performance in our Extreme Event solution. It's a function of not only investing but also elevating the dialogue and the awareness of the value that we're creating across the enterprise that I think is supporting that. And in terms of ongoing developments, I'm going to ask Saurabh Khemka, who is with us, to talk about some of the features that we're continuing to roll out over the next year or so that will add to the value, the incremental value that we're providing to clients.

Yes, absolutely. Happy to, Lee. We've discussed the Experience Indexes on the Executive Insights, which offer deeper insights and greater value to our customers as they consider their pricing in this environment. Additionally, we're providing various automation tools that enhance efficiency in their operations. Therefore, they derive value not only from insights but also from cost savings.

So, I wanted to ask about margins. You've had really strong margin performance over the last couple of years. And even now, you've been above sort of the long-term level of margin growth that you had talked about. So I'm curious. I know you mentioned some timing of expenses. But maybe talk a little bit about where you are in the journey of your global talent optimization efforts and how we should think about efficiencies in the business going forward.

Yes, thank you for the question, Faiza. Margin efficiency has become a key focus that is now integrated into our processes. There is always room for improvement in efficiency. As you've noted, we've had a significant emphasis on margin expansion over the past couple of years, and I believe that the pace of margin growth may slow somewhat moving forward, as reflected in our guidance. For the quarter, we experienced notable margin expansion, although this can vary from quarter to quarter due to the timing of expenditures, which is why we prefer to assess the trailing 12 months. Additionally, we saw a benefit from a strong revenue performance this quarter, which included a modest boost from some storm-related revenue in the property estimating solutions sector, typically associated with high incremental margins.

And Faiza, I would add one other thing which is the counterbalance to those operating efficiencies, is our level of investment intensity. And so what we are always trying to do is balance that incremental investment that will support growth and even efficiency down the road with the more immediate margins. And so it's going to vary from quarter to quarter. But that is also a moderating influence that we think is in the best long-term interest for our shareholders.

Lee, in your prepared remarks, you talked about bringing the improved sales model to a broader group of businesses and your new growth vectors. Could you spend a little bit more time fleshing that out? I mean, is that specific to speaking to executive groups more regularly, being more in tune with their needs? Or is there something beyond that? And maybe what it looks like in practice in terms of fleshing that out and bringing it to other groups within the organization?

Thank you, Andrew. Our review of the go-to-market strategy concentrated on our largest businesses, including our Claims Sales, Extreme Events Sales, and Underwriting Decision Analytics Sales teams. We aimed to pinpoint where we could create the most impact within these significant sectors. The extension refers to applying the effective practices and insights we've gained from these large businesses to some of our growth sectors, such as Life Insurance, SBS, and Verisk Marketing Solutions. Our goal is to leverage these lessons to achieve a similar level of success in these growth areas. Regarding your point about enhancing our strategic dialogue, that initiative is already underway, primarily focused on our largest clients. However, we intend to expand these skills as part of our approach to serving all clients with a stronger relationship and enterprise focus.

Just wanted to come back to the, I guess, uncertain environment over the last couple of months, tariffs, et cetera. I think your end market is generally fairly insulated against that. But obviously, you already mentioned with the marketing side that there's some other industry. So just wondering, across the business, are you seeing any delays in decision-making? Or is it true as it always been that the insurance industry seems to be very immune to some of what's going on? But anything you're seeing would be helpful.

Thank you for the question, Alex. We have been closely monitoring this situation. From a Verisk financial perspective, we do not believe we have significant direct exposure to tariffs and their implications. For the insurance industry as a whole, there may be potential effects. If costs were to increase, that could lead to higher expenses for claims and claims fulfillment, which might reduce profitability in the short term. This is something our clients are watching carefully, and we are collaborating with them. Our data and analytics efforts are aimed at helping them analyze and understand their environment. These are some of the factors we are tracking.

Elizabeth, could you focus a bit more on the D&A line on Slide 10? I know I asked you about this last quarter. Do you think D&A as a percentage of revenues will remain in this range going forward? Is there an upward or downward bias concerning D&A as a percentage of revenues? Additionally, what are the implications on ROIC going forward?

Yes, Andrew. Thanks for the question. We do examine this closely. We haven't provided a long-term forecast for depreciation and amortization as a percentage of revenue. Depreciation and amortization directly results from capital expenditures and the projects we have put into service. This year, we are seeing the effects of projects that were long-term builds, including our work on the Core Lines Reimagine program and the next-generation financial models developed for Extreme Events solutions. Both of these are long-term projects that are now operational. From our current standpoint, the growth rate of depreciation and amortization will likely converge with capital expenditures. However, I expect the growth moving forward to be slightly below capital expenditures as we account for those longer-term projects.

And Andrew, it's Lee. I can't resist a return on invested capital question. And I just want to make certain that you understand when we are looking at our return on invested capital, depreciation and amortization which is an expensing of that CapEx is removed, we put all of our CapEx into invested capital. So our returns which would be a classic net operating profit loss after tax, excludes any accounting expense related to that. The CapEx is the capital element or the invested capital element that we're engaging a return off of.

Do you expect the increased contribution to forms, rules and loss cost revenue growth from 4 lines to play out over kind of the 2- to 3-year adoption period? Or can it extend beyond that with ongoing better innovation and starting to implement AI and what not, I guess at the very least help us with cross-sells and other businesses in conjunction with the enhanced go-to-market effort?

Yes, I'll start with that. I think, look, the goals in the investments that we're making in Core Lines Reimagine is absolutely to be a platform to continue to deliver long-term value for clients and to continue to innovate as the possibilities of what you can do with data and analytics and now incorporating GenAI can do over time. So we expect to continue delivering more core value.

Yes. And one thing I would add is for a majority of our clients, they are signing long-term contracts with us. So as they are signing these contracts, they are seeing this value being accrued to them over the long term, as we do the contracts today.

I appreciate your comments at the opening about helping your clients become more efficient with their ecosystems. It seems like that's a pretty ripe area. I was wondering if you could just build on some of your information in that because it feels like even though you have a cloud-based approach and using up-to-date technology, a lot of your customers are operating on legacy platforms that are funky and outdated to say the least. Maybe you could just give us some color on how challenging it is to deploy your solutions when you're dealing with these legacy systems which are old to say the least.

Thanks for the question, Greg. It's a very relevant one. There are two main factors to consider. First, the industry is making significant strides to modernize infrastructure by collaborating with third-party vendors, many of whom are our partners. This is helping us implement the benefits of our Core Lines Reimagine investments for their advantage. Much of our work involves working with vendors rather than directly with the carriers, focusing on integrating that data. Additionally, various technologies that enhance connectivity within the industry are also contributing to this effort. Our role as a connector in the industry, particularly in areas like claims and risk modeling, provides a level of integration that can be quite costly for many of our customers to handle independently. A specific example is our commitment to making our claims platform and property estimating solutions more open. This initiative stemmed from client feedback, indicating that many complementary vendors or service providers consumed considerable time and resources for industry players to connect their systems, which proved problematic. However, our established connections with insurers, contractors, adjusters, and clients on our platform allow us to more efficiently validate and ensure security standards for those vendors, creating inherent efficiencies. We're currently applying this approach in claims and expanding it to underwriting. As we discuss Synergy Studio, it represents another connective network enhancing efficiency for our clients.

I wanted to go back to your point on improved price realization. It sounds like this is a structural change to your approach to pricing. Can you talk about what proportion of your broader business you've begun to accelerate your pricing increases? And how long it may take to close the gap between pricing and value provided at the broader company level?

George, thanks for the question. I'd say, look, the avenues have been focused on where we are making investments based upon feedback from clients on how we can create value for them and recognizing that, that requires investment on our part. And I think that dialogue which has benefited from that higher level, more strategic dialogue has helped us clarify and improve an understanding of where we are creating value for them and how we participate in that value creation. And I think you asked around which channels. I think it's really all of our major channels on the underwriting side, extreme events within our claims business that has been part of what we have improved in our ability to achieve a stronger price realization through that. Now, in terms of closing the gap, I don't know that you ever get there. There's always going to be a difference in perception between how we think we're providing value and where our clients are providing value. I think there is a gap. The objective is to continue to use that as a means for us to deliver more value and capture that with our clients. So in that sense, I think it's a continuous journey.

I have a question on just the broader market. And so it looks like in commercial P&C, pricing is starting to get a little bit more competitive. We're also seeing that on the personal auto side. Are you seeing any early signs that your customers are getting a little bit more focused on expenses?

Thank you for the question, David. Our customers have been consistently focused on efficiency at an enterprise level. We don't believe that trends in pricing have a significant impact. When overall profitability is under pressure and combined ratios increase, there tends to be a natural push for greater efficiencies. However, as we mentioned in our opening comments, 2024 marked the first year in the last four years with an underwriting gain, and the industry has seen a combined ratio of around 96%. Generally, this growth in premiums has resulted in a greater willingness to invest in supporting ongoing efficiencies. That has been the general trend. From my perspective, we haven’t identified any specific inflection point related to trends in commercial P&C or personal auto.

This is David Paige on for Ashish. I was wondering on the buyback, can you just maybe give a rough cadence or just for full year 2025? How are you thinking about buybacks for 2Q and 4Q?

Thank you, David. We do not provide a forecast for the buyback amount for the year. The main reason is that we adhere to our capital allocation framework, which prioritizes organic investments in the business. We also explore M&A opportunities, and we remain committed to returning dividends. Additionally, we evaluate the availability of our balance sheet and the appeal of share repurchase. If we do not need capital, we will continue to return it to shareholders through buybacks and dividends.

Elizabeth, you mentioned some points in your opening comments, but could you provide a clearer explanation of the factors contributing to the 4% year-on-year decline in transaction revenue? Additionally, could you share what the growth in transactional revenue was without considering the impact of one-time conversions? I’m also curious about why there wasn’t a positive push in transactional revenue growth from the auto shopping sector, given the strong J.D. Power data for the quarter. Could you address that as well?

Sure, thanks for the question, Russell. I'll address that in two parts. First, regarding the 4% decline in transactional revenue, we noted a specific contract conversion that we've mentioned before. This marks the last full quarter impacted by it, which accounts for a decline of 200 to 250 basis points. Other challenges in transactional revenue stem from contract conversions, particularly in our antifraud space. We have previously seen success with the TPA customer segment, and it has been an effective strategy for encouraging customers to enter committed contracts. We will apply this approach to other customer segments as opportunities arise. Additionally, some of our ecosystem partners are now transitioning to committed contracts, which is beneficial for us. However, aside from that one contract, we cannot fully quantify the overall impact. Moreover, part of our transactional revenue comes from the implementation of software programs, which can vary at the beginning of ongoing subscriptions. Our Specialty Business Solutions had significant projects last year that we're now comparing against. Overall, transactional revenue reflects how we manage our business collectively rather than as a distinct category. Now, regarding your second question about the auto business and the associated transactional challenges, we are still seeing shopping activity, resulting in balanced outcomes for that segment. In the last quarter, we discussed some customer attrition, particularly in the InsurTech segment, which may be affecting our overall mix in the auto market compared to industry trends. Lastly, with respect to our non-rate action business, as rates have stabilized in the industry, there has been reduced activity in that area as carriers shift their priorities.

I'm interested to know if you've noticed any changes in client discussions during the current quarter due to macroeconomic uncertainties, including any delays in projects. Additionally, could you provide insight into which areas of your business you believe are most affected by economic fluctuations, and which ones are more stable or even potentially thriving during downturns?

Sure, Jason. Thanks. I'll start off generally saying as, in terms of our dialogue with our clients, I don't think we have seen a fundamental change in terms of their priorities and what they need to accomplish day-to-day and how we serve that. Naturally, there is some greater focus on the impact of tariffs, particularly to the extent that any inflationary factors are beginning to affect their claims costs. And that's something that we're very well positioned to address, as Elizabeth described earlier, where through our Property Estimating Solutions business, we track a great deal of specific supplies and materials costs as well as labor costs associated with rebuilding. And so we have already had conference calls and put out reports tracking any sensitivity and we'll continue to do so. So I would say that's the one area that they have been focused on in understanding the potential impacts of the tariff situation.

I wanted to mention that we are monitoring the macroeconomic effects on some of our non-carrier customer segments, particularly since the federal government only accounts for less than 1% of our revenues, meaning its impact is minimal. However, we are observing cost pressures across federal agencies, which could influence discretionary spending. Additionally, this concern extends to the marketing segments we've previously discussed.

So we do have some small segments that are, I would describe as, more economically sensitive but of course, the vast majority of our revenues are from insurance-related clients that are relatively insensitive to the tariff impact.

This is Brendan on for Manav. Just wanted to ask on M&A opportunities, we could see valuations come down maybe alongside public equities at some point this year, so I guess, what kind of areas would you like to kind of augment your capabilities? And kind of what are you seeing there?

Thanks, Brendan. I appreciate the question. Certainly, the uncertainty in the market and its impact on valuations could present a potential benefit. We have also noticed that the private equity community has faced challenges in monetizing some of their investments. I believe the environment has improved. We are actively searching for products that can add value to the insurance industry, which we can enhance through accelerated distribution or integration into our offerings. This could also include contributing valuable datasets to our analytics business. We have been closely monitoring that sector. Recently, we made a small acquisition of Simplitium from NASDAQ, indicating that we are on the lookout for opportunities, primarily focused on how we can add value to these businesses by utilizing our relationships and capabilities.

In your prepared remarks, you talked about some of the weather impact on the industry. I'm just curious, is it possible to parse out what the impact was on your business in the second quarter in terms of claims from some of those events?

Yes. Thanks for the question, Jeff. From a wildfire perspective which I think is what we are talking about there, it has very little sort of de minimis impact. I did mention that we had a very modest benefit from weather-related effects in PES that relates primarily to a small tail from the fourth quarter hurricanes as well as actually a pretty active severe convective storm environment across the U.S.

And I would say, Jeff, I think your fundamental question was what Elizabeth addressed but with regard to the wildfires, clearly, that has been an important topic. And as we have said, we were the first to submit our wildfire model to the California Department of Insurance. And we've gotten a lot of questions and interest from clients around our wildfire model and I want to ask Rob Newbold, who's with us just to give us an update in terms of the level and the quality of dialogue that we have been hearing from clients on that model in particular.

Yes. Thanks, Lee. We were really pleased to bring an updated view of risk for California wildfire to the market last summer, in June 2024. Our client dialogue has been really excellent on the value that model is providing to people's overall risk management. As Lee noted, we're engaging with the California Department of Insurance, allowing that model to be used for rate-making in the state and continue to be excited about the possibilities that will open up to bring global resilience to that particular market.

We continue to believe that the severe weather that we're experiencing continues to point to the value of the analytics and the models that we provide to our clients.